Authors: Simran Chalke – Medical Department, Editorial Proofreading: Namrata Parwani – Marketing Department

Date:12 November 2024

OVERVIEW

Md Tranex Retipeel is a novel skincare formulation developed to treat hyperpigmentation, severe photo-aging, and melasma. By combining active ingredients such as Tranexamic Acid, Retinol, Retinyl Propionate, Niacinamide, Ascorbyl Glucoside, and various botanical extracts, this multi-active treatment targets pigmentation at its source while promoting collagen synthesis and enhancing overall skin radiance. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of Md Tranex Retipeel over a 4-to-6-week period in individuals with pigmentation disorders and signs of aging.

Clinical outcomes showed significant improvements in several skin parameters, including a marked reduction in hyperpigmentation, melasma, and wrinkle depth, as well as improvements in skin brightness, texture, and firmness. Mild dryness and peeling were observed during the initial two weeks of treatment, likely due to the Retinol component. However, these effects were manageable with moisturization and sunscreen and subsided with continued use. No severe adverse effects were reported, and the product was generally well-tolerated by most participants. Md Tranex Retipeel’s multi-targeted formulation provides both immediate and sustained improvements in skin health, effectively addressing pigmentation disorders and signs of photo-aging. The combination of potent actives makes it a promising solution for individuals seeking comprehensive treatment for pigmentation and aging concerns.

1. INTRODUCTION

The skin, the largest organ of the human body, acts as a critical interface between the internal and external environments. It maintains homeostasis and offers protection against environmental stressors. Structurally, the skin comprises three layers: the epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, each contributing to its vital functions. The epidermis serves as a physical barrier, composed mainly of keratinocytes that form the stratum corneum, protecting the body from harmful microorganisms, pollutants, and UV radiation. Melanocytes in the epidermis produce melanin, which offers further protection against UV damage. Beneath the epidermis, the dermis provides structural integrity through collagen and elastin fibers, while housing sweat and sebaceous glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels. The hypodermis, composed mainly of adipose tissue, insulates the body and stores energy. Additionally, the skin plays a role in vitamin D synthesis, essential for calcium homeostasis and bone health. The skin’s layered architecture underpins its protective, regulatory, and metabolic functions.

1.1 Skin Complexities

Conditions such as hyperpigmentation, acne, photo-aging, and melasma are multifactorial, stemming from both biological processes and environmental influences. These conditions present significant challenges in dermatological research and treatment.

• Hyperpigmentation

Hyperpigmentation is a condition characterized by darkened patches of skin, which occur due to the overproduction or uneven distribution of melanin, the pigment responsible for skin color. This process is often triggered by UV radiation, skin injury (post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation), hormonal fluctuations, or genetic predisposition (3). Melanin is synthesized in melanocytes through a process called melanogenesis, primarily regulated by the enzyme tyrosinase. When excess melanin is produced, it is transferred to surrounding keratinocytes, leading to localized darkening. Hyperpigmentation can take several forms, including solar lentigines (sun spots), post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), and melasma (1). While benign, hyperpigmentation can significantly affect the skin’s appearance and is often difficult to treat due to the persistence of melanin within the epidermis and dermis. Treatment typically involves the use of tyrosinase inhibitors (e.g., hydroquinone, tranexamic acid) to reduce melanin production and exfoliants (e.g., retinoids) to promote cell turnover (6).

• Acne

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the pilosebaceous unit, comprising hair follicles and sebaceous glands. It is driven by multiple factors, including excess sebum production, abnormal keratinization leading to clogged pores, Propionibacterium acnes colonization, and subsequent immune responses causing inflammation (4). Hormonal influences, particularly androgens, play a crucial role by increasing sebaceous gland activity. Clinically, acne manifests as comedones (blackheads and whiteheads), papules, pustules, nodules, and cysts, with varying severity. Inflammatory acne is characterized by the rupture of the follicular wall, leading to the release of contents into the surrounding dermis, further exacerbating the inflammatory response. Post-acne scarring and post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH) are common complications, particularly in individuals with darker skin tones, where the skin’s heightened melanogenic response to inflammation can cause long-lasting dark spots. Treatment strategies include topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, antibiotics, and hormonal therapies to target multiple aspects of acne pathogenesis, from reducing bacterial load to regulating sebum production and minimizing inflammation (2).

• Melasma

Melasma is a chronic, relapsing hyperpigmentation disorder characterized by symmetrical, patchy discoloration, usually appearing on sun-exposed areas of the face, such as the cheeks, forehead, and upper lip. It is more prevalent in women, particularly during pregnancy (often called the “mask of pregnancy”) or due to oral contraceptive use, Estrogen and progesterone are thought to upregulate melanogenesis, particularly in individuals predisposed to melasma. In addition to hormonal factors, UV exposure is a significant trigger as it induces melanocyte activity and exacerbates pigment production. Unlike other forms of hyperpigmentation, melasma tends to be more dermal or mixed, with pigment located deeper in the skin, making it more resistant to treatment. Its chronic nature, coupled with a high recurrence rate, presents a therapeutic challenge (4). Treatments often involve topical depigmenting agents (e.g., hydroquinone, kojic acid), chemical peels, and laser therapies, though consistent sun protection is crucial to preventing recurrence.

1. Exploring Skin Peel Treatment

Skin peel treatments, commonly referred to as chemical peels, are dermatological procedures used to exfoliate the outer layers of the skin, promoting skin regeneration and addressing various skin concerns such as hyperpigmentation, Melasma, acne, and signs of ageing. Chemical peels involve the application of chemical solutions to the skin, which induce controlled exfoliation by damaging the skin to a specific depth. The type and depth of peeling can vary depending on the chemicals used and the desired outcome. This process stimulates cell turnover, encourages collagen production, and improves overall skin texture (4).

• Mechanism Action

Chemical peels work by breaking the bonds between dead skin cells (corneocytes) in the stratum corneum (the outermost layer of the epidermis), causing the superficial layers to shed. The depth of the peel depends on the concentration, type of acid, and duration of application. By removing the damaged layers, the skin’s natural healing process is stimulated, leading to the production of fresh, new skin. Additionally, deeper peels can stimulate dermal collagen remodelling, making them effective for treating deeper wrinkles, scars, and more skin issues (2).

• Types of Chemical Peels

Chemical peels are categorized into three types based on the depth of skin penetration: Superficial, Medium-depth, and Deep peels. The choice of peel depends on the patient’s skin type, specific skin concerns, and the desired outcome.

Superficial Peels:

Mechanism: These peels act on the outermost layer of the skin (epidermis) and are the mildest type of chemical peel.

Agents Used: Alpha-hydroxy acids (AHAs) like glycolic acid, beta-hydroxy acids (BHAs) like salicylic acid, and mandelic acid are commonly used in superficial peels.

Benefits: Superficial peels are effective for treating mild acne, fine lines, uneven skin tone, and dull complexion. They require minimal downtime and are often referred to as “Party peels” due to their quick recovery time (16).

Indications: Best suited for individuals looking for mild skin rejuvenation and exfoliation. They are particularly effective for managing oily skin, mild hyperpigmentation, and acne-prone skin (7).

Medium-Depth Peels:

Mechanism: These peels penetrate the epidermis and extend into the upper portion of the dermis.

Agents Used: Common agents include trichloroacetic acid (TCA) and Jessner’s solution (a combination of lactic acid, salicylic acid, and resorcinol).

Benefits: Medium-depth peels target hyperpigmentation, acne scars, deeper wrinkles, and melasma. They promote more extensive exfoliation, leading to longer-lasting results compared to superficial peels.

Indications: These peels are often used for more moderate skin conditions, including age spots, fine lines, and mild photo ageing. They typically require a few days of recovery, during which the skin may peel and flake (7).

Deep Peels:

Mechanism: Deep peels reach the reticular dermis, offering the most dramatic results but also carrying the highest risk of complications.

Agents Used: Phenol and high concentrations of TCA are commonly used in deep peels.

Benefits: Deep peels are suitable for treating severe sun damage, deep wrinkles, and extensive acne scarring. They offer significant improvements in skin texture and tone but require a longer recovery period (up to several weeks).

Indications: Best suited for individuals with significant skin damage or those seeking dramatic rejuvenation. Deep peels often involve a more intensive post-procedure care regimen, and patients may experience prolonged redness and sensitivity (7).

1. TRANEX RETIPEEL

md: Tranex Retipeel is an advanced chemical peel formulated to target severe skin issues like hyperpigmentation, melasma, photo ageing, acne scars, and stretch marks by utilizing a synergistic blend of active ingredients that work at the cellular level (11). Its primary component, Tranexamic Acid, is renowned for its ability to inhibit melanin synthesis, effectively reducing pigmentation by blocking interactions between melanocytes and keratinocytes. This prevents the formation and recurrence of dark spots, particularly in conditions such as melasma, while also offering anti-inflammatory properties that calm irritated skin and reduce UV-induced pigmentation. Retinol and its less-irritating derivative Retinyl Propionate are key in promoting skin renewal by accelerating cell turnover and stimulating fibroblasts to produce collagen, leading to smoother, firmer skin with diminished fine lines, wrinkles, and pigmentation (8). These compound helps to increase skin elasticity and rejuvenation while mitigating the harshness typically associated with retinoid treatments. Furthermore, Ascorbyl Glucoside, a stable form of Vitamin C, provides potent antioxidant protection that neutralizes harmful free radicals, brightens the skin tone, and enhances collagen production. This results in both the reduction of pigmentation and improved skin firmness. Niacinamide (Vitamin B3) offers additional multifunctional benefits by regulating sebum production, reducing inflammation, and fortifying the skin’s barrier, all of which help prevent moisture loss and improve overall radiance. The inclusion of Citric and Tartaric acids, two alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs), further exfoliates the skin, gently sloughing off dead skin cells to promote epidermal renewal, refine skin texture, and boost radiance (13). The botanical extracts in the formulation, such as Chamomilla recutita (Chamomile) Flower Extract and Willow Herb, play vital roles in soothing and calming the skin. Chamomile is known for its potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, helping to alleviate irritation while supporting the skin’s healing process, and Willow herb provides antimicrobial action while regulating sebum production and calming acne-prone or inflamed skin(10). Additionally, the Bacillus Ferment enzyme acts as a natural exfoliant, accelerating the removal of dead skin cells without irritation, thus optimizing the penetration and effectiveness of the peel’s active ingredients. Together, these ingredients make md: Tranex Retipeel a comprehensive solution for skin concerns ranging from pigmentation to ageing, acne scars, and skin texture irregularities. Its multifaceted approach improves skin tone, texture, elasticity, and overall health while delivering both immediate and long-term benefits through enhanced collagen production, melanin inhibition, and deep skin renewal (12).

2.1 Multi -Action Innovation with Tranex Retipeel

md: Tranex Retipeel is innovative due to its comprehensive, multi-active formulation that addresses several complex skin concerns simultaneously, such as hyperpigmentation, photo ageing, acne scars, and stretch marks. The peel stands out because of its combination of clinically proven ingredients like Tranexamic Acid, Retinol, and Retinyl Propionate, which target both pigmentation issues and skin renewal at the cellular level (9).

The inclusion of Tranexamic Acid is crucial for its advanced ability to inhibit melanin production and prevent the recurrence of pigmentation, even in challenging conditions like melasma. Retinol and Retinyl Propionate work synergistically to accelerate skin turnover and boost collagen production, helping to reduce the appearance of wrinkles and improve skin elasticity. The combination of these retinoids with Ascorbyl Glucoside (a stable form of Vitamin C) enhances skin brightening and provides potent antioxidant protection, helping to prevent oxidative stress and environmental damage (15).

Another innovative aspect is the integration of botanical extracts like Chamomilla recutita and Willow Herb, known for their anti-inflammatory and soothing properties, which make the peel suitable even for sensitive skin types. These ingredients, combined with alpha hydroxy acids (Citric and Tartaric acids) and Bacillus Ferment (a natural enzyme exfoliant), ensure that the peel provides deep exfoliation and renewal while minimizing irritation. This multifaceted approach not only treats existing skin concerns but also strengthens the skin barrier, offering both immediate and long-term improvements in skin texture, tone, and health (10).

In essence, md: Tranex Retipeel is an innovation in dermatological skincare by offering a balanced, all-in-one solution that combines potent actives, exfoliants, and anti-inflammatories to deliver effective results with minimal downtime.

2.2 Mechanism Action of md Tranex Retipeel

Retinol penetrates the epidermis and binds to retinoic acid receptors (RARs) in skin cells. This interaction stimulates the expression of genes responsible for cellular proliferation and differentiation, leading to an increase in the rate of keratinocyte turnover. As a result, old, damaged, or pigmented skin cells are shed more rapidly, making way for newer, healthier cells. This process improves skin texture and helps reduce hyperpigmentation, leading to a brighter complexion 5)

Retinol stimulates fibroblasts in the dermis to produce more collagen and elastin, which are critical proteins for maintaining skin structure and firmness. By boosting collagen production, retinol helps to repair and strengthen the extracellular matrix, reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles while improving skin elasticity. Retinol regulates melanocyte activity, helping to decrease abnormal melanin production. By promoting regular cell turnover and removing pigmented keratinocytes, retinol helps fade hyperpigmentation, dark spots, and uneven skin tone (17).

Retinol reduces the size and activity of sebaceous glands, which helps to decrease excessive oil production. This can prevent clogged pores and reduce the formation of acne lesions. While not as strong as other antioxidants, retinol also has some capacity to neutralize reactive oxygen species (ROS), protecting skin cells from oxidative damage caused by UV radiation and environmental factors. Through these combined actions, retinol helps rejuvenate the skin by improving texture, reducing wrinkles, evening out pigmentation, and addressing acne concerns (14).

2.3 Benefits of Tranex Retipeel

RESULT

CONCLUSION

The study demonstrates that Md Tranex Retipeel is an effective treatment for hyperpigmentation, melasma, photo-aging, and overall skin rejuvenation. The combination of active ingredients such as Tranexamic Acid, Retinol, Retinyl Propionate, Niacinamide, Ascorbyl Glucoside, and botanical extracts significantly reduces dark spots, improves skin texture, and addresses signs of aging. Clinical results showed substantial improvements in hyperpigmentation, photo-aging, wrinkle depth, and skin inflammation, alongside visible enhancements in skin brightness, firmness, and texture.

No severe adverse effects were reported. Mild dryness and peeling during the first two weeks, likely due to Retinol, were manageable with moisturization and sunscreen. The product was well-tolerated, and side effects were minimal and temporary, supporting its safety profile.

Consistent use over 4 to 6 weeks resulted in clinically relevant improvements. The product targets pigmentation at its root while promoting collagen synthesis and enhancing skin radiance, offering both immediate and long-term anti-aging benefits. Overall, Md Tranex Retipeel provides a comprehensive solution for pigmentation disorders and photo-aging, delivering significant results in a relatively short period.

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